Retraction Policy

  1. Grounds for Retraction

An article may be retracted in the following cases:

  • Proven plagiarism, data fabrication, or falsification.
  • Duplicate publication without proper acknowledgment.
  • Major errors that invalidate the results.
  • Authorship issues (inclusion or exclusion of authors without their consent).
  • Undisclosed conflicts of interest or false information regarding funding sources.
  • Other serious violations of academic integrity.
  1. Initiators of Retraction

Retraction may be initiated by:

  • The author(s) who identify serious errors.
  • The editorial board or the Editor-in-Chief.
  • Peer reviewers or independent experts.
  • The institution where the research was conducted.
  • Readers who report potential misconduct.
  1. Procedure
  1. A written notice of possible misconduct is submitted to the editorial office.
  2. The editorial board conducts an initial fact-check.
  3. Independent expert review may be initiated if necessary.
  4. Authors are given an opportunity to provide an explanation within a specified period.
  5. A final decision on retraction is made by the editorial board, recorded in the minutes.
  1. Retraction Notice
  • A Retraction Statement is published in the journal, stating the reasons.
  • The electronic version of the article remains accessible but marked clearly as “Retracted” on the title page and in metadata.
  • Retraction information is sent to databases indexing the journal (CrossRef, DOAJ, Scopus, Web of Science, etc.).
  1. Transparency and Responsibility
  • Retraction is not a punishment but a mechanism to maintain academic integrity and trust in science.
  • All retraction decisions are transparent, documented, and open for verification.